But now, he seems to have lost interest in the grinding business of developing, producing and selling cars, investors and analysts say. That could have serious ramifications for his company and the auto industry, which employs millions of people worldwide.
Even before he joined the Trump administration as the head of the Department of Government Efficiency, Musk’s running multiple companies had led investors and corporate governance experts to wonder whether he was spread too thin. Besides Tesla, Musk controls and runs SpaceX, whose rockets carry astronauts and satellites for Nasa and others; X, the social media site; and xAI, which is developing artificial intelligence. And he wants to colonise Mars.
“We don’t have a CEO who is fully focused on ensuring that Tesla remains a leader in the EV space,” said Brad Lander, the New York City comptroller, who oversees employee pension funds that own Tesla shares worth US$1.25 billion (NZ$2.16b).
Lander said he wanted Musk to stay on Tesla’s board and relinquish his CEO duties to someone who would do the job full-time. “That’s not too much to ask for,” Lander said. “That’s just the basic model of shareholder governance in America.”
Musk and Tesla did not respond to emails seeking comment.
In the past, he and the company’s board have defended Musk’s management of Tesla and dismissed the idea that he was spread too thin. They have pointed to the company’s soaring stock price and robust profits as evidence that Tesla has not suffered because of his other commitments.
Musk’s support for right-wing leaders at home and in Germany, Britain, France and other countries appears to have alienated significant numbers of customers.
There are signs that Musk’s political activities and reduced presence at Tesla are also stirring dissatisfaction within the company.
The discontent was apparent during an unusual meeting last month at the company’s offices in Palo Alto, California, where numerous employees vented their frustrations.
A senior executive who spoke at the meeting told the employees that he, too, was discouraged by Musk’s “mercurial” behaviour and by the departure of some senior executives who had been a moderating influence. The CEO’s polarising social media posts and work in the Trump administration were driving away customers, prompting some employees to leave and making it harder to recruit new talent to Tesla, the manager said, according to an audio recording of the meeting reviewed by The New York Times.
The executive urged employees to focus on their work and tune out Musk’s comments on X and other forums. “I just kind of ignore it and think about what are we working on and is it exciting to me and is it having an impact?” the manager said. “That’s the best advice I can give for how to handle it.”
There are signs that at least some investors are having doubts, too. Tesla’s share price has fallen 25% since mid-December, though it is still up about 40% since the election. The S&P 500 stock index is up about 6% since the election.
Many investors still have faith in Musk. That’s why Wall Street treats Tesla as being more than three times as valuable as Toyota, the world’s largest automaker.
Optimistic investors believe that the company will develop cars that can drive themselves in most conditions. ARK Invest, an investment firm that has long been bullish about Musk’s endeavours, estimates that Tesla could control half of an estimated $10 trillion market for autonomous ride-hailing services.
“I see a path for Tesla being the most valuable company in the world by far,” Musk said in January. The growth, he added, would “overwhelmingly be due to autonomous vehicles and autonomous humanoid robots”.
What Musk has appeared surprisingly unconcerned about is Tesla’s biggest business today: selling cars.
‘The hate is real’
During a conference call last month to discuss Tesla’s fourth quarter results, a financial analyst asked him to elaborate on his plans to sell more cars to take advantage of Tesla’s competitive advantage in technology that allows cars in some cases to steer, accelerate and slow down on their own. Musk said he didn’t understand the question and said the company already had millions of cars on the road.
The company has lost market share to BYD in China; BMW and Volkswagen in Europe; and Hyundai and General Motors in the United States. Some Tesla drivers including musician Sheryl Crow are so upset by Musk’s political activities that they are selling their cars or saying they won’t buy another one.
In January Tesla’s sales were down 59% in Germany, 63% in France and 12% in Britain after Musk endorsed right-wing politicians and made inflammatory statements on social media. Tesla sales fell 12% last year in California, which accounts for nearly one-third of the electric cars sold in the United States.
“The hate is real,” Ross Gerber, CEO of Gerber Kawasaki Wealth and Investment Management, wrote on an X post along with a photo of a Cybertruck that someone had defaced with an obscenity.
But political blowback is not the company’s only problem.
Tesla remains reliant on two vehicles, the Model 3 and Model Y, for 95% of its sales. BYD has more than a dozen electric models, some costing much less than $20,000. The Model 3 starts at $42,000 in the United States before taking into account a $7500 federal tax credit.
Auto experts say Tesla badly needs a cheaper car to revive sales. But last year, Musk delayed indefinitely plans to build a low-cost car in Monterrey, Mexico, that would have cost $25,000.
The company has promised to begin producing a new model at its existing factories by the end of June, but it has not displayed a prototype or provided details. Analysts expect it to be based on the Model 3 and cost a lot more than $25,000.
“You would think they would be doubling down and trying to capitalise on the lead they have on other players,” said Michael Lenox, a professor of business at the University of Virginia. “It begs the question,” he added, “has there been a lack of attention?”
Some investors said that Musk’s lack of interest in selling cars was apparent in how little he had said about Trump’s initiatives that could hurt Tesla’s sales.
The CEO of Ford, Jim Farley, last week said that some of Trump’s plans to repeal Biden-era incentives for electric cars could force the company to lay off workers. But Musk has said nothing publicly about them.
Environmentalists in particular are very concerned that Musk, who once talked about electric vehicles as a solution for climate change, has allied himself with climate change deniers.
“It’s really concerning that Elon is more focused on DC than on advancing EV production,” said Katherine Garcia, director of the Clean Transportation for All campaign at the Sierra Club.
Musk has argued that electric cars don’t need government incentives. “You can’t stop the advent of electric cars,” Musk said in January. “It’s going to happen.”
This article originally appeared in The New York Times.
Written by: Jack Ewing
Photographs by: Sergey Ponomarev, Philip Cheung and Haiyun Jiang
© 2025 THE NEW YORK TIMES
