The targeting of the mosque, and the subsequent riot, came after false rumours circulated on social media on Monday, soon after news emerged that a man had stabbed multiple children and two adults at a Taylor Swift-themed dance class.
The rapid spread of misinformation about the attacker’s identity left authorities fighting a two-pronged battle on Tuesday: one on the streets of Southport, where the police were pelted with bricks and other objects, and another online, where lawmakers, local officials and the police seemed powerless to halt viral falsehoods.
On Monday afternoon, the police said they had arrested a 17-year-old on suspicion of murder and attempted murder in the stabbings. In line with British law regarding minors, they did not identify the suspect, but said he lived in the nearby village of Banks.
On X, the social media platform owned by Elon Musk, users shared false information about the attacker. Some posted what they claimed was the attacker’s name, which the police said was incorrect, but that information continued to spread. Others spread falsehoods about the attacker’s immigration status, incorrectly claiming he was an asylum-seeker or that he had come to England illegally. Some of the posts received millions of views, fanning the flames of far-right narratives that oppose immigration.
Tommy Robinson, an anti-Islam agitator who founded the English Defence League, and Andrew Tate, another extremist online personality, were among those who fuelled speculation.
Robinson shared a social media post in which a man asked: “Why has our government let this Syrian fella in” to stab “innocent children”.
Tate posted a video on X on Monday night in which he told viewers that an “undocumented migrant decided to go into a Taylor Swift dance class today and stab six little girls, so someone arrived in the UK on a boat, nobody knew who he was, nobody knows where he’s from”. The video has been viewed more than 14.9 million times.
As misinformation about the suspect spread, the police issued statements saying that he was born in Cardiff, Wales. But false claims continued to proliferate.
Since Musk acquired X in 2022, he has rolled back many of the platform’s content-moderation policies, reinstated the accounts of previously banned extremists, including Robinson, and laid off workers responsible for policing misinformation.
Instead, Musk has favoured an approach that allows X users to fact-check one another’s posts. The programme, called Community Notes, began in 2021 but expanded rapidly under Musk. Several of the false posts that were viewed widely on X, including Tate’s, received Community Notes that pushed back on the misinformation, even as the posts remained visible.
As the riot took place on Tuesday night, Alex Goss, the assistant chief constable of the Merseyside police, said in a statement, “There has been much speculation and hypothesis around the status of a 17-year-old male who is currently in police custody and some individuals are using this to bring violence and disorder to our streets.”
He added, “We have already said that the person arrested was born in the UK and speculation helps nobody at this time.”
Many of those involved in the unrest, he noted, “do not live in the Merseyside area or care about the people of Merseyside”.
The outbreak of violence was deeply distressing for a community still grappling with raw emotions after Monday’s attack. Thousands had gathered for a vigil to honour the victims, crowding a central square and grasping bouquets of flowers and teddy bears.
In an interview on Wednesday morning with BBC radio, the lawmaker who represents the area, Patrick Hurley, said the rioters were “utterly disrespecting the families of the dead and injured children” and called them “beered-up thugs” who were not from Southport. He added, “Even if this lad, the 17-year-old, turns out to be Muslim, under no circumstances does that justify any attack on a mosque.”
The police have said that they are still investigating the motive for the attack, but that it was “not being treated as terrorist-related”.
Prime Minister Keir Starmer also condemned the rioters and vowed to hold those who took part accountable. “Those who have hijacked the vigil for the victims with violence and thuggery have insulted the community as it grieves,” Starmer wrote in a statement. “They will feel the full force of the law.”
Robinson denied in a social media post on Wednesday that the English Defense League still existed. But experts say that while its membership declined in the 2010s, its supporters have continued to mobilise around certain events.
The Merseyside Police said their officers had suffered serious injuries during the unrest, including fractures, lacerations, a suspected broken nose and a concussion. Others had head injuries and facial injuries, and one was knocked unconscious, the force said. The North West Ambulance Service, which covers the region, said that 39 patients, all of whom were police officers, had been treated for injuries, with 27 taken to the hospital.
The same police and ambulance services had been the first responders the community relied on one day earlier, Serena Kennedy, the chief constable for the area, pointed out. Then, they, too, were targeted. She told reporters on Wednesday that the police were prepared for more possible violence in the coming days.
The unrest was not isolated to Southport. On Wednesday evening, a far-right demonstration outside government buildings in London turned violent, with protesters clashing with the police. The group chanted, “We want our country back” and “England ‘til I die.”
Nick Lowles, the CEO of Hope Not Hate, a British anti-extremism watchdog group, said that the horrific nature of the attack had evoked strong emotions, which had then been inflamed by misinformation.
“It’s far more than just the traditional far right; some of these narratives are in the mainstream now,” he said. “And each time a more mainstream person says it, it gives it more legitimacy.”
Lowles pointed to the normalisation of extreme anti-immigration attitudes in recent years. “We’ve have had the rise of Nigel Farage and Reform UK, whose rhetoric is not as violent but no less extreme,” he said, noting that Farage, a newly elected lawmaker and leader of the insurgent hard-right party, had put out a video questioning official information about the attacker.
The violence occurred a short walk from where the initial stabbings took place. As the evening light turned to darkness on Tuesday, smoke from the riot drifted over the memorial that had sprung up, the acrid black fumes visible on the horizon over the piles of flowers.
This article originally appeared in The New York Times.
Written by: Megan Specia
©2024 THE NEW YORK TIMES
